Terms of Reference (TOR) for MMC Quantitative Research on Mixed Movements in Tanzania
1. Who is the Danish Refugee Council?Founded in 1956, the Danish Refugee Council (DRC) is a leading international NGO and one of the few with a specific expertise in forced displacement. Active in 40 countries with 9,000 employees and supported by 7,500 volunteers, DRC protects, advocates, and builds sustainable futures for refugees and other displacement affected people and communities. DRC works during displacement at all stages: In the acute crisis, in displacement, when settling and integrating in a new place, or upon return. DRC provides protection and life-saving humanitarian assistance; supports displaced persons in becoming self-reliant and included into hosting societies; and works with civil society and responsible authorities to promote protection of rights and peaceful coexistence.
MMC is a global network engaged in data collection, research, analysis, and policy and programmatic development on mixed migration, with regional hubs hosted in DRC regional offices in Africa, Asia and the Pacific, Europe and Latin America, and a global team based across Geneva and Brussels. MMC is a leading source for independent and high-quality data, research, analysis and expertise. MMC aims to increase understanding of mixed migration, to positively impact global and regional migration policies, to inform evidence-based protection responses for people on the move and to stimulate forward thinking in public and policy debates on mixed migration. MMC’s overarching focus is on human rights and protection for all people on the move.
Since 2014, MMC has been implementing its flagship 4Mi project, which aims to offer a regular, standardized, quantitative system of collecting primary data on mixed migration to establish a solid evidence base on the needs and protection incidents facing people on the move. 4Mi consists of a unique network of field enumerators situated along frequently used routes and in major migratory hubs. Field enumerators are trained and closely supervised and use a smart phone-based survey application to record and transmit completed interviews to regional 4Mi hubs for storage and analysis. 4Mi uses standard closed question surveys to invite respondents to anonymously self-report on a wide range of issues, including migratory drivers, means of movement, conditions of movement, the smuggler economy, aspirations and destination choices, and protection incidents. Over the years, in Eastern and Southern Africa, 4Mi has been implemented in Burundi, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Read more about 4Mi here: of the consultancy
The Mixed Migration Centre (MMC) Eastern and Southern Africa, Egypt, and Yemen hub, based in Nairobi, seeks to hire a consultant for research projects along the Southern Route and the Western Indian Ocean Route, funded by UNHCR. This project involves conducting quantitative research with people in mixed movements in Tanzania. The consultant’s responsibilities include obtaining authorization for data collection from the respective authorities, recruiting qualified enumerators, providing training, and overseeing the collection of around 1,200 surveys in the agreed selected locations in Tanzania. Additionally, the consultant will work closely with the MMC team to ensure adherence to Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) during data collection and that all data meets MMC’s minimum quality standards.
The selected consultant should have the legal right to operate in Tanzania and the selected data collection locations.
3.BackgroundTanzania is a key country of transit and (temporary) destination for mixed movement along the Southern Route. This route is one of the most established in the continent with people taking journeys of up to 4,000 kilometers, the approximate distance from Addis Ababa to Johannesburg, to reach their destinations. While South Africa is often the intended destination for most people travelling this route, others remain in countries such as Kenya, Tanzania and Zimbabwe, either by choice or out of circumstances. Like many other mixed movement routes worldwide, people taking the Southern Route use various modes of transport including road, sea, air, or a combination. Their choice often depends on access to finances, documentation and information, which in turn influences their exposure to protection risks on the journey. In a study conducted by MMC in 2022, 47% of people interviewed in South Africa from the East and Horn of Africa used flights and overland travel. Additionally, almost all of those coming from the Great Lakes and Southern Africa regions travelled exclusively overland. These widely taken overland journeys involve clandestine means such as enclosed shipment containers or trekking for days through forests and deserted areas, significantly increasing their vulnerabilities.
Tanzania is also a country of transit for mixed movements from the Great Lakes region towards Mayotte, a French overseas department part of the Comorian archipelago. Earlier research conducted by MMC demonstrates how primarily Congolese and Burundians arrive in Tanzania in the Kigoma region, prior to traveling to Dar es Salaam and arranging their onward movements. Not all of them may intend to move to Mayotte upon their arrival in the country, while more research on people on the move’s journeys and migration decision making in Tanzania is required to further shed light on this.
To strengthen policymaking and service provision, it is vital to have up-to-date information on the profiles, routes, decision-making processes, protection risks, and assistance gaps affecting people on the move. However, this information remains limited and fragmented, creating challenges for evidence-based planning and response efforts. Addressing these gaps is essential to ensure that policies and services are both effective and responsive to the needs of these populations.
4. Objective of the consultancyTo support in-depth analysis, the hired consultant will conduct a quantitative research project in close collaboration with MMC across the selected locations in Tanzania. The consultant will be required to:
- Process authorizations for data collection in the country mentioned above.
- Work with MMC to understand how best to conduct data collection in country including identifying the ideal locations and number of enumerators per location.
- Manage the recruitment of enumerators in each of the locations.
- Participate in a Training of Trainers (TOT) of the 4Mi tool and MMC SOPs facilitated by MMC.
- Develop a PowerPoint training package on the survey tools.
- Organize and facilitate a 2-day training of the enumerators in each location with MMC.
- Facilitate a pilot exercise and inform the Information Management Officer (IMO) regarding data validation. They will then provide feedback based on the pilot and start the data collection process.
- Using the data collection software provided by MMC, conduct around 1,200 valid surveys with people on the move along the two different routes.
- Manage data collection processes on the ground and ensure enumerators meet the daily target. Communicate feedback to the 4Mi enumerators concerning survey quality after data validation is carried out by the IMO.
The consultancy will take place from March to 31st July 2025. This will involve direct interviews with refugee and migrant respondents aged 18 and above, who have been in Tanzania for 24 months or less.
Sampling will be conducted within the agreed and selected locations in Tanzania and enumerators will be situated along mixed movement routes into Southern Africa.
6. DeliverablesThe Consultant will submit the following deliverables as mentioned below:
Deliverable 1 – Inception Report
Expected deliverables – Inception Report
Indicative description tasks – Submission of inception Report
Deliverable 2 – Quantitative research on mixed movements in Tanzania
Expected deliverables – Authorization in Tanzania, Training materials, Around 1,200 valid surveys
Indicative description tasks
- Support in gaining authorizations for data collection in Tanzania
- Work with MMC to understand how best to conduct data collection in country including identifying the ideal locations
- Manage the recruitment of enumerators.
- Participate in a Training of Trainers facilitated by MMC.
- Develop a PowerPoint training package on the survey tools and profiles of respondents
- Organize and facilitate a 2-day training of the enumerators
- Facilitate the pilot exercise and inform the Information Management Officer (IMO) regarding data validation. They will then provide feedback based on the pilot and start the data collection process.
- Using the data collection software provided by MMC, conduct interviews with around 1,200 people on the move in the different locations based on the different routes.
- Manage data collection processes on the ground and ensure enumerators meet the daily target. Communicate feedback to the 4Mi enumerators concerning survey quality after data validation is carried out by the IMO.
Maximum expected timeframe – 4 months (March to July 2025)
The Consultant will provide the documentation by email on a Word, PDF document and link format.
7. Duration, timeline, and paymentThe total time period for the assignment will be no more than 4 months, within which the consultant will work on data collection in Tanzania
The consultant shall be prepared to complete the assignment no later than 31st July 2025.
DRC will make an initial payment of 30% of the total costs upon submission of an inception report and the remaining amount upon completion of the work.
8. Proposed Composition of Team- Principle researcher
- Assistant researcher(s)
- Enumerator teams
Essential:
- The consultancy is open to both firms, academic institutions and individuals. Individuals or research team managers should have an advanced degree (Master or PhD) in migration studies or the social sciences, with expertise in quantitative research methods.
- At least five years of experience conducting primary data collection and managing research projects, with at least three years of these being within the migration field.
- Proven experience in designing and implementing research on migration and similar relevant topics.
- A proven knowledge and understanding (e.g. through prior publications or data collection) of mixed movement dynamics in East Africa, along the Southern Route and the Western Indian Ocean Route.
- Familiarity with the context and proven access to relevant stakeholders for data collection permits.
- Registration to work in Tanzania is strongly required.
- Proven experience working in Tanzania.
- Ability to independently carry out data collection with people on the move specifically using quantitative methods.
- Excellent command of spoken and written English, Swahili and French.
Desirable:
- Working knowledge in any of the following languages: Somali, Tigrinya, Oromo or Amharic is desirable.
- Trained in the past by MMC on protection, ethical guidelines and SOPs, and data collection methods to name a few.
The selected consultant will work under the supervision of:
- MMC Project Manager
- MMC Project Coordinator
- MMC Research Coordinator
Most coordination with MMC will take place virtually through bi-weekly calls and weekly update emails. Additionally, the MMC team will provide on-site support in the field, aligned with their travel work plan.
The Consultant will provide a computer, mobile telephones and any other required electronic equipment for the research team.
12. TravelTravel to various locations in Tanzania will be required. The Consultant will be expected to make arrangements for transportation, accommodation, insurance and meals during the assignment, and to make adequate provisions in the Financial Proposal. MMC shall not cover per diem costs.
13. Submission processInterested individuals that meet requirements should send their technical & financial proposal and other required documents as stipulated in the RFP Invitation Letter to the email address [email protected] on or before 4th March 2025 at 5 PM EAT.
Please indicate the RFP Numberin the subject line of your email application. Submissions shall include:
- Technical Proposals that entail.
- A brief statement on capacity/relevant experience, including examples of previous relevant publications or assignments.
- A brief document outlining a basic strategy and technical approach to the ToR, proposed workplan of activities with timeline and deliverable deadlines
2. Other documents as stipulated in the RFP Letter of Invitation
3. A financial proposal in USD with a breakdown budget of both administrative & professional fees
Please refer to the detailed submission guidelines in the RFP Invitation Letter.
14. Evaluation of bidsFor the award of this project, MMC/DRC has established evaluation criteria which govern the selection of offers received. The offer will be evaluated using the following criteria, and points will be allocated in the scale from 1-10 for each of the criteria as stipulated in the RFP Invitation Letter.
15. Additional informationFor additional information regarding these terms of reference, please send your questions to Regional Supply Chain Manager EAGL RO: [email protected]
Please find the complete bidding documents in the following link: RFP-RO01-003711 MMC Quantitative Research on Mixed Movements in TZA
How to applyBids can be submitted by email to the following dedicated, controlled, & secure email address:
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